Straipsnis Pašarinių ir sideracinių lubinų ligotumo mažinimo galimybės beicuojant sėklas

Possibilities of Reduction of Disease Occurrence in Lupinus Luteus and Lupinus Angustifolius by Seed Treatment

Summary. Experiments conducted at the LIA’s Vokė Branch during 2001–2003 were designed to protect lupine crops from anthracnose, mildew, and die back. Prior to sowing, the seeds of Lupinus luteus and Lupinus angustifolius were treated with the fungicides Vitavax 2.0 l t^–1 and 1.5 l t^–1, Fundazol 3.0 kg t^–1, Panoktin 2.0 l t^–1, Maxim 2.0 l t^–1, Maxim star 1.5 L t^–1 and Raxil 1.5 kg t^–1.

It was found that treated seed had a lower germination and germinating power by 6.8–8.0 percentage units, compared with untreated seed, however germination and germinating power of the seed grown from treated seed was significantly better. The stems of Lupinus luteus were most severely affected by anthracnose Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spaulding et Schrenk. The disease incidence was the highest in July when wet and warm weather prevailed. Over the three experimental years, in the treatments sown with untreated seed anthracnose affected 94.7 % of Lupinus luteus stems and the disease severity amounted to 73.3 %. Plant stems bent through the affected spots, broke, and inflorescences withered and did not form pods. In 2001 and 2003 lupine did not ripen seed. Seed treatment did not inhibit the spread of anthracnose.

Lupinus angustifolius was much more resistant to diseases. The seed treaters used inhibited the occurrence of diseases. Our experimental evidence suggests that in the lupine crop sown with untreated seed anthracnose affected 88.2 % of stems and the disease severity was 46.7 %. When the seed had been treated with maxim 2.0 l t^–1 and maxim star 1.5 l t^–1, anthracnose affected 56 % and 60 % stems, respectively and the disease severity was 25 % and 30 %.

Keywords: lupine, seed treaters, anthracnose, powdery mildew, die back.